自考《英语（一）》复习要点（三）

Learn new words and phrases

1. astronomer: n 天文学家;astronomy: n 天文学

2.explode: v 爆炸,由此联想：explosive: a 爆炸性的/n 炸药;explosion: n 爆炸

1). When the bomb______, many people were seriously wounded.

2). The unexpected ________ frightened the little girl.

3). It might be possible to convert _____ energy into heat.

Answers: exploded, explosion, explosive

3. density: n 密度;联想产生：dense: a 密度大的，反义词：sparse;

densely: ad高密度地;densely-populated人口稠密的;sparsely-populated人口稀疏的

1). The ____ fog kept the travelers from finding the correct direction.

2). The business area of the city is _____ populated.

3). This liquid has a much greater ____ than water.

Answers: dense, densely, density

4. shrink: v 收缩、退缩、缩水

1). As a result of careless washing, the jacket has shrunk to a child's size.

2).The girl shrinks at the sight of blood.

5. measurement: n 衡量、测量;

由此联想：measure: n措施/v 衡量、测量;measurable: a 可衡量的，可测量的

1). We must take _____ to protect our environment.

2). We have come within ______ distance of success.

3). Clocks give us a ______ of time.

4). There the rainfall is ______ not in inches but in feet.

Answers: measures, measurable, measurement, measured

6.implication: n 含义、暗示;imply: v 暗示

7. basis: n 基础、根据，

由此可以联想得到：base: n 底部;v 以…为底，为根据;basic: a 基础的，根本的;

basically: ad 根本上来说,

1). If you want to improve your English, you must have a solid ______.

2). The furniture of out dorm is really _____: two beds, two chairs and tables.

3). The charges are false for they are not ______ on proven facts.

4). Since no better plan can be worked out, we have to adopt the ____ workable one.

Answers: basis, basic, based, basically

8. observatory: n 天文台;由此可以联想得到：

observe: v 观察;observation: n 观察;observer: n 观察家

9. convincing: a 有说服力的，使人信服的;convince: v 使人信服;convinced: a 感到有说服力的，常见搭配：convince sb of sth; convince sb that

1). He gave us a convincing speech.

2). He convinced me f his sincerity.

10. operate: v 运转、操作、动手术;operation : n 手术，操作;operator: 操作者

11. research into对…进行研究

She is researching into possible cures for AIDS.

12. swallow up: 吞没、耗尽

Many small businesses have been swallowed up by large companies.

13. apply to sb/sth：适用于某人/某事，请对比：

apply to sb for sth向某人申请某事;apply A to B将A 应用于B

1). You should apply what you have learned to your work.

2). I applied to him for a new job.

3). The study method doesn't apply to everyone

Analyze the important sentences among the text

1. Well, it's difficult to answer this question, since the terms we would normally use to describe a scientific phenomenon are inadequate here.(p1)

译：哦，这个问题很难回答，因为我们通常用来描述一种科学现象的现有术语在这里不够用。

句子分析：it是形式主语，to answer this question是句子主语;since引导原因状语从句，we would normally use to describe a scientific phenomenon是定语从句，修饰terms; inadequate: 不充分的，不合格的。

2. Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space not a thing into which matter has fallen and from which nothing can escape---not even light. (p1)

译：天文学家和科学家认为黑洞是一个空间区域，而不是一个物体，物质会掉进黑洞而没有物体可以从中逃脱出来，即使是光也不行。

句子分析：into which和from which引导两个定语从句，介词：into和fall搭配;from 和escape搭配。这种介词+which的定语从句的形式请多注意。

3. The theory is that some stars explode when their density increases to a particular point. (p2)

译：(关于黑洞形成的)理论就是一些星球的密度增长到某个特定的点就会爆炸。

句子分析：这是一个主系表结构句。that用来引导表语从句，不可省略。其中又包含一个when引导的时间状语从句。to a particular point是达到某一个特定的点的含义。更多上海自考串讲笔记请联系上海自考在线老师